As a licensed therapist and counselor, one of the most common questions I hear is, “What’s the difference between all these mental health professionals—aren’t they basically the same thing?”
I get it! When you’re just starting to explore mental health support, the sea of titles can feel confusing. But the truth is, while we all work to support mental and emotional wellbeing, our training, approaches, and roles can be pretty different. So let me walk you through it—from my perspective inside the field—so you can find the right support for what you need.
Psychologist
Psychologists are the researchers and deep divers of the mind. They’ve earned a doctorate (a PhD or PsyD) in psychology, which means they’ve spent years studying how we think, feel, and behave. Many are trained to diagnose mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, or PTSD, and they often provide talk therapy focused on healing and long-term support.
Some psychologists also specialize in psychological testing, which can be incredibly helpful if you’re trying to understand how your brain works—whether it’s learning challenges, emotional processing, or behavioral patterns.
While most psychologists can’t prescribe medications (except in a few states with extra training and special permissions), they often work closely with medical providers if medication becomes part of your treatment.
Best fit for you if: You’re looking for deeper insight into your mental health, want long-term therapy, or are considering psychological testing—but don’t need a prescription.
Psychiatrist
Psychiatrists are medical doctors—MDs or DOs—who’ve chosen to specialize in mental health. Because of their medical background, they’re the ones who can prescribe medications. They can also diagnose mental health conditions, and while some do offer therapy, most focus on the medical management of mental health.
I often refer clients to a psychiatrist if we’re exploring medication as part of their care—especially for things like bipolar disorder, severe anxiety or depression, or when someone’s symptoms are affecting their sleep, energy, or daily functioning.
Best fit for you if: You think medication might help, or your symptoms are intense and affecting your body or day-to-day life.
Therapist
Now, “therapist” is a bit of a catch-all term. It can refer to psychologists, social workers, counselors—basically anyone trained in talk therapy. That’s where I come in. As a therapist, my role is to create a safe, non-judgmental space for you to talk through what’s going on, understand your emotions, and build tools to manage life’s challenges.
Whether it’s stress, trauma, relationships, or self-esteem, therapy can help you unpack the weight you’ve been carrying and give you a place to grow.
Best fit for you if: You want someone to walk beside you through hard times, help you build skills, or just need a place to feel heard.
Counselor
Counselors and therapists are often similar, and in fact, I (Jess) hold a license in counseling myself. Counselors typically have a master’s degree in counseling and are trained to support people through specific life challenges—like grief, career transitions, or school-related stress.
While therapy can sometimes be open-ended or long-term, counseling may focus more on short-term goals or targeted support. Still, the heart of it is the same: we’re here to help you make sense of what you’re going through, with tools, empathy, and encouragement.
Best fit for you if: You’re working through a particular decision, loss, or life change and want supportive, focused guidance.
So… Who Should You See?
Here’s what I often tell people:
If you just need someone to talk to? A therapist or counselor is a great first step.
If you’re wondering about medication or physical symptoms tied to mental health? Start with a psychiatrist.
If you want deep testing or evaluation? Try a psychologist.
Still unsure? That’s completely normal. In fact, many of my clients don’t know exactly what they need when they first walk in the door—and that’s okay. A good therapist or counselor will help you figure that out. And if I’m not the right fit? I’ll help you find someone who is.
At the end of the day, the most important thing isn’t the letters after our names—it’s the relationship we build. You deserve to feel safe, heard, and supported by someone who truly gets you. That connection is where healing begins.
